This document takes as its starting point the assumption
that biodiversity conservation is an integral part of
sustainable development, and that oil and gas companies
should integrate biodiversity considerations into
their Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
or integrated Health, Safety and Environmental
Management Systems (HSEMS) at a corporate and/or
project level. Although consideration of biodiversity
should be an integral part of any EMS, actions and
activities to manage and conserve biodiversity should
be based on a valid and transparent risk assessment
process. Therefore, only in those cases where there are
significant biodiversity issues will many of the responses
proposed in this document be necessary.
There are two principal templates for environmental
management within the oil and gas sector, the Guidelines
for the Development and Application of Health, Safety
and Environmental Management Systems published
by the E&P Forum (now named the International Oil
and Gas Producers Association, or OGP) in 1994 and
the International Organization for Standardization’s
Environmental Management Systems – Specification with
Guidance for Use (ISO 14001), published in 1996. The
OGP Guidelines have been developed to integrate
relevant health, safety and environment concerns
into a single approach and guideline, while remaining
sufficiently generic to be readily adapted to different
companies and their organizational cultures. The OGP
Guidelines’ principal difference with respect to the
ISO 14001 EMS standard is the joint consideration and
integration of health and safety and environmental
matters.
The ISO and OGP approaches are presented separately
here to maximize the value of this document to the
broadest possible range of end-users. More generally,
this document should also be applicable to other EMS
templates, which are increasingly based upon, or
linked to, the ISO standards. It is important to note,
however, that irrespective of whether an ISO, OGP or
other environmental management system template
is used, systems actually used by companies are likely
to be modified in some way. Therefore, any company
using this document will need to carefully check the
transposition of its content into their system.
It is the purpose of this document to provide examples of
how biodiversity considerations can be integrated into
EMS. Consequently, it avoids prescriptive activities and
actions, offering suggestionsinstead. Within the overall
structure of an organization’s particular EMS, there may
be a number of ways to achieve the desired outcomes
using formal or informal procedures. The measure of
success should be based on performance rather than
strict adherence to a narrowly defined process. In
both the ISO and OGP templates, the management
of biodiversity issues can, in the majority of cases,
be readily integrated with responses to more general
environmental issues, as long as the environmental
management tools used within the EMS or HSEMS (e.g.
Environmental and Social Impact Assessments) also
properly address biodiversity issues.